Thursday, 13 September 2012

September 14, 2012 Clippings


Low-cost pain killer can cure resistant TB
A low-cost drug, which is widely used as a pain killer in developing countries, can kill drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) -- a feat few currently approved TB drugs can accomplish, say researchers.

Weill Cornell Medical College researchers point to a potential new therapy for the more than half million people worldwide whose TB has become resistant to standard drug treatments.

But their main worry is that the effective drug, oxyphenbutazone, may never be tested in TB clinical trials.

Weill Cornell's Carl Nathan and his team found what they called the "completely surprising" ability of oxyphenbutazone to kill drug-resistant TB after testing thousands of approved drugs against the bacteria.

This repurposing of the agent already in the market can lead to quicker testing for its new uses, the Publication of the National Academy of Sciences reports.

"This agent might help save lives if there was a way to test it in (sic) TB patients," says Nathan.

Oxyphenbutazone, best known by its trademark name of Tandearil, was introduced in the market as a patented drug for arthritis-like pain in the early 1950s, and lost its patent and market dominance by the 1970s, according to a Weill Cornell statement.

"It is difficult today to launch clinical studies on a medication that is so outdated in the United States, that it is mainly used here in veterinary medicine to ease pain," says senior study author Nathan, professor of microbiology.

"No drug firm will pay for clinical trials if they don't expect to make a profit on the agent. And that would be the case for an off-patent drug that people can buy over the counter for pain in most of the world," Nathan adds.

He says that oxyphenbutazone does have some established toxicities, "and is not a drug you should take for aches and pains if a safer alternative is available".

But the drug's major toxicities appear to be less frequent than the major side-effects of the drug regimens that are currently used to treat TB, he says.

14.09.2012
Scientists find protein responsible for heart failure!
Researchers have unravelled how an out-of-tune protein precipitates heart failure by causing its muscle to malfunction. Scientists have known for a while that several heart proteins – troponin I is one of them – get “out of tune” in patients with heart failure but the precise origin of the “bad notes” remained unclear.Troponin I, found exclusively in heart muscle, is already used as the gold standard marker in blood tests to diagnose heart attacks, but the new findings reveal why and how the same protein is also altered in heart failure, the journal “Circulation” reports.
The discovery by Johns Hopkins researchers can pave the way to new and badly needed diagnostic tools and therapies for heart failure, a condition marked by heart muscle enlargement and inefficient pumping, believed to affect more than six million adults in the US alone, the researchers say. ”Our findings pinpoint the exact sites on troponin I’s molecule where disease-causing activity occurs, and in doing so, they give us new targets for treatment,” says researcher Jennifer Van Eyk, director of the Johns Hopkins Proteomics Innovation Centre in Heart Failure.
Troponin I acts as an on-off switch in regulating heart relaxation and contraction. In response to adrenaline, this protein also triggers the “flight-fight” response, according to a Johns Hopkins statement. But when altered, troponin I can start acting as a dimmer switch instead, one that ever so subtly modulates cardiac muscle function and reduces the heart’s ability to pump efficiently and fill with blood, the researchers found.
The Hopkins team used a novel method to pinpoint the exact sites, or epicentres, along the protein’s molecule where disease-triggering changes occur. They found 14 such sites, six of them previously unknown. They said their work may spark the development of tests that better predict disease risk and monitor progression of the disease once the heart begins to fail.
14.09.2012






Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Until your good is better and your better is best
Tim Duncan

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