Tuesday, 29 January 2013

30 January, 2013


Facebook usage can reveal mental illness
Scientists believe that a person’s Facebook profile could reveal signs of mental illness that might not emerge during regular sessions with a psychiatrist. Social media activity when used as a tool in psychological diagnosis can remove some of the problems associated with self-reporting. ‘‘For example, questionnaires often depend on a person’s memory, which may or may not be accurate. By asking patients to share their Facebook activity, we were able to see how they expressed themselves naturally,’ said study researcher Elizabeth Martin. ‘Even the parts of their Facebook activities that they chose to conceal exposed information about their psychological state,’ said Martin. Social media profiles could eventually be used as tools for psychologists and therapists, according to Martin, doctoral student in MU’s psychological science department in the College of Arts and Science. ‘Therapists could possibly use social media activity to create a more complete clinical picture of a patient,’ Martin said in a statement.
Martin’s team asked participants to print their Facebook activity and correlated aspects of that activity with the degree to which those individuals exhibited schizotypy, a range of symptoms including social withdrawal to odd beliefs. Some study participants showed signs of the schizotypy condition known as social anhedonia, or the inability to experience pleasure from usually enjoyable activities, such as communicating and interacting with others.
People with social anhedonia tended to have fewer friends on Facebook, communicated with friends less frequently and shared fewer photos. Other study participants concealed significant portions of their Facebook profile before presenting them to researchers. These participants also showed schizotypy symptoms, known as perceptual aberrations, which are anomalous experiences of one’s senses, and magical ideation, which is the belief that events with no physical cause-and-effect are somehow causally connected. Hiding Facebook activity also was considered a sign of higher levels of paranoia.
The study was published in the journal Psychiatry Research.
30.01.2013


Sons more likely to get treatment for chest infections in India
Even when it comes to hospitalizing their children, Indians discriminate between their sons and daughters. A male child with acute chest infections is nearly three times more likely to receive hospital care than a girl child in India.
This was announced on Tuesday by scientists from the University of Edinburgh in the UK who conducted a first-of-its-kind large scale study. The study noted that this was because male children are slightly more susceptible to such illnesses and because families are more likely to ensure the sons receive health care. This gender disparity was visible across the developing world and was most pronounced in South Asia. In some areas of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, up to four times as many boys under five receive hospital care for chest infections compared with girls, the study published in the British medical journal the Lancet says.
According to the study, around 38% of children under five who became critically ill from chest infections did not even reach hospitals.
‘Boys are biologically 1.2 times more prone to be suffering from severe chest infections than girls. It is mainly due to smaller airways among boys. But in India, the difference becomes more acute in the ratio of boys getting hospitalized for pneumonia than girls confirming gender as the main reason behind the trend,’ Dr Harish Nair from the University of Edinburgh’s Centre for Population Health Sciences, who led the study told TOI. ‘This study shows that much more could be done to reduce infection and save lives, such as by improving access to hospitals in the developing world, or by ensuring that both boys and girls receive similar health care,’ he said.
The study was conducted by a large international consortium of 76 researchers from 39 institutions, in 24 countries and was supported by the WHO. The study also reported that in Yamunanagar in Haryana, a boy aged 0-11 months is 3.2 times more likely to get hospitalized than a girl child. In Vellore, it is 1.8 times more likely and in Ballabgarh, it is 3.7 times more likely.
12 million children under five are hospitalised worldwide with chest infections each year. A male child in Southeast Asia is 1.9 times more likely to receive hospital care when affected with pneumonia while it is 1.3 times in the US and in Africa it is 1.4 times.
Source: http://health.india.com                           30.01.2013




Lack of will power has caused more failure than lack of intelligence or ability
Flower A. Newhouse

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