Is overusing painkillers harming your stomach and kidney?

 Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/health-wellness

Here’s all you need to know about the hidden dangers of popping pills

Painkillers can be broadly classified into two main categories: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids.

Painkillers are among the most commonly used medications worldwide. From over-the-counter options to prescription drugs, they offer quick relief from a variety of ailments, such as headaches, muscle aches and chronic pain conditions. However, while they can be effective in alleviating discomfort, their excessive or improper use can lead to significant health issues, particularly those of the stomach and kidneys.

Understanding Painkillers

Painkillers can be broadly classified into two main categories: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids. NSAIDs work by reducing inflammation and blocking pain signals in the body. Opioids, on the other hand, interact with the nervous system to relieve severe pain but come with a higher risk of dependency and adverse effects.

Impact on Stomach Health

Prolonged use of NSAIDs results in gastrointestinal (GI) complications.

• Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining can cause pain, nausea and vomiting.
• Peptic Ulcers: Open sores that develop on the stomach lining or the upper part of the small intestine, leading to burning stomach pain, bloating and indigestion.
• Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Chronic use of painkillers can result in bleeding in the stomach, which may be life-threatening. Signs include dark or bloody stools, vomitting blood or feeling faint.

The risk of these conditions increases with higher doses, prolonged use and the use of multiple medications. Additionally, individuals with a history of GI issues, older adults and those who consume alcohol may be more susceptible to these side effects.

The Toll on Kidney Health

The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste from the blood and maintaining fluid balance. Chronic painkiller use, particularly NSAIDs and certain prescription medications, can strain the kidneys, leading to various health complications:

• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Overuse of painkillers can result in sudden damage to the kidneys, causing them to lose their filtering ability. This can lead to a buildup of waste products in the blood, which can be dangerous.
• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Long-term use of painkillers may contribute to the gradual loss of kidney function, potentially leading to kidney failure. This is especially concerning for individuals with existing kidney conditions or those who are diabetic or hypertensive.
• Fluid Retention: Some painkillers can cause the body to retain fluids, leading to increased blood pressure and additional strain on the kidneys.

Signs to watch out for

Consult a doctor when you develop symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, swelling in the legs or ankles, fatigue and decreased urine output after you have had painkillers.

Best Practices for Safe Painkiller Use

To mitigate the risks associated with painkiller use, consider the following recommendations:

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1. Follow Dosage Instructions: Always adhere to the prescribed or recommended dosage. Avoid self-medicating and consult with a healthcare professional if you have ongoing pain issues.
2. Limit Duration of Use: Use painkillers for the shortest time necessary. If pain persists, seek medical advice rather than relying on painkillers for prolonged periods.
3. Explore Alternatives: Depending on the type of pain, non-pharmacological interventions like physical therapy, acupuncture, or mindfulness practices, can provide effective relief without the associated risks.
4. Regular Check-Ups: If you are a regular user of painkillers, consider routine medical check-ups to monitor stomach and kidney health.
5. Avoid Alcohol: Combining painkillers with alcohol can exacerbate the risks of stomach irritation and kidney damage.

 

Drinking 3 litres of water but still feeling exhausted? Here’s how to have water at the right time

 Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/health-wellness

As we all know, water prevents dehydration, helps regulate your body temperature and blood pressure, lubricates your joints, keeps your spine in fine fettle and rids the body of waste and toxins. (Representational)

We are often told to consume about three litres of water every day. However, spacing out this amount throughout the day is more important for your body to function optimally. As we all know, water prevents dehydration, helps regulate your body temperature and blood pressure, lubricates your joints, keeps your spine in fine fettle and rids the body of waste and toxins.

WHAT ARE YOUR DAILY WATER REQUIREMENTS?

Men: Approximately 3.7 litres (or about 13 cups) per day.

Women: Approximately 2.7 litres (or about 9 cups) per day.

This includes all fluids consumed, not just water.

WHAT ARE FACTORS INFLUENCING NEEDS?

Activity Level: Increased physical activity raises water needs.

Climate: Hot or humid weather can lead to increased perspiration.

Health Status: Conditions like fever or diarrhoea require additional fluid intake.

HOW TO SPACE OUT WATER CONSUMPTION?

To maximise hydration benefits, consider the following strategies for spacing your water intake throughout the day:

Morning Hydration: Start your day with a glass of water upon waking. This helps to rehydrate your body after several hours of sleep and wash out toxins.

Regular Intervals: Aim to drink water at regular intervals rather than consuming large amounts at once. A good practice is to drink a glass of water every hour.

Use reminders: Set app alerts to prompt you to drink water throughout the day.

Pre-Meal Consumption: Drink a glass of water about 30 minutes before meals. This not only aids digestion but can also help control hunger, preventing you from overeating and helping in weight management.

During Meals: Sipping water during meals can aid digestion but avoid excessive consumption as it may dilute digestive enzymes. Drink water an hour after the meal to allow the body to absorb the nutrients.

Before a bath: Drink one glass of water before taking a bath to help lower your blood pressure.

Post-Exercise Hydration: After physical activity, replenish lost fluids by drinking water or electrolyte-rich beverages.

Evening Routine: Limit water intake in the evening to avoid disruptions in sleep due to nighttime bathroom visits but ensure you are adequately hydrated throughout the day.

Before sleep: Drink one glass of water an hour before bedtime to replenish any fluid loss that can occur during the night.

HOW DO I KNOW I AM DEHYDRATED?

Monitoring your hydration status is crucial. Common signs of dehydration include thirst, dark yellow urine, fatigue, dizziness and dry mouth. If you experience these symptoms, increase your fluid intake promptly.

HYDRATION TIPS FOR SPECIAL NEEDS

During Exercise: Drink water before, during, and after exercise. For prolonged activities (over an hour), consider electrolyte drinks.

In Hot Weather: Increase fluid intake in hot conditions or when engaging in outdoor activities to compensate for increased sweat loss.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should increase their fluid intake to support their own health and that of their baby.

Here is a fun fact: Almost three-fourths of your brain contains fluid, so if you are dehydrated, blood vessels in this organ shrink. That’s why you feel listless, have a lack of focus and stamina.